Area code 931 serves middle Tennessee outside of the Nashville metro area, including Clarksville, Cookeville, Columbia, and Tullahoma. Established in 1997 from a split with 615, it supports both rural and growing suburban regions. The area includes military facilities like Fort Campbell, several universities, and emerging industries. Seven-digit dialing is still allowed for local calls. Area code 931 represents Tennessee’s balance between rural tradition and suburban expansion, offering a quieter alternative to Nashville while remaining economically connected.